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Prophets

Who was Prophet Muhammad? His life and story

The last of the Prophets, a mercy to all the worlds

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At a glance

Where he was born
Makkah
First revelation
"Read!" in the cave of Hira (Al-Alaq, 1-5)
The Hijrah
From Makkah to Madinah
Duration of revelation
The Quran was revealed over about 23 years
His rank
Khatam an-Nabiyyin: the last of the Prophets (Al-Ahzab, 40)
In the Quran
The entire Quran was revealed to him; Surah 47 bears his name

Story summary

Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was born in Makkah and sent as the last Prophet and a mercy to all the worlds. He received the first revelation in the cave of Hira, called people to worship Allah alone, and bore great hardship with patience. He migrated to Madinah, and the Quran was revealed to him over about 23 years. He is the final link in the chain of prophethood: Khatam an-Nabiyyin.

Full story

  1. The first revelation

    Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was born in Makkah and was known from his youth for his truthfulness and trustworthiness. He often withdrew to the cave of Hira to reflect.

    There Jibril (peace be upon him) brought him the first revelation: "Read, in the name of your Lord who created! He created man from a clinging clot" (Al-Alaq, 1-2). This is how revelation began, opening his period of prophethood.

  2. The call to Tawhid and patience

    Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) called people to turn away from idols and worship the One Allah alone. Because this call went against Makkah's idolatrous order, he and those who believed in him faced years of pressure, boycott and harm.

    Despite all this, he continued his call with patience and steadfastness, and no hardship kept him from declaring the truth.

  3. The Hijrah and Madinah

    When the pressure grew, Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and the believers migrated from Makkah to Madinah by Allah's permission. This event became a turning point in Islamic history.

    In Madinah the Muslims took shape as a community, and a way of life built on justice, brotherhood and worship was established. The Quran continued to be revealed throughout these years in response to events.

  4. A mercy to all the worlds and the final Prophet

    Allah says about him: "And We have not sent you but as a mercy to the worlds" (Al-Anbya, 107). The message he brought was addressed to all of humanity.

    The Quran declares him the last of the Prophets (Khatam an-Nabiyyin) (Al-Ahzab, 40). No new Prophet will come after him, and the Quran remains the final divine book, preserved until the Day of Judgment.

In the Quran

The Quran revealed to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) came down gradually over about 23 years, matching events and needs; Surah 47 bears his name directly. The Quran presents him as a mercy to the worlds (Al-Anbya, 107) and as the last of the Prophets (Al-Ahzab, 40). His name is mentioned together with Ibrahim (peace be upon him) in the salawat recited in every prayer.

Lessons and wisdom

  • Calling to the truth requires patience and steadfastness; hardship should not stop it.
  • Truthfulness and trustworthiness are among the defining qualities of prophethood.
  • The message of Islam is addressed to all of humanity as a mercy.
  • Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the last Prophet; no new Prophet will come after him.

Sources

This page is based on Quran verses and authentic hadith sources.

  • QuranSurah Al-Alaq, 1

    The first revelation sent down to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), the command "Read!", appears in this verse.

  • QuranSurah Al-Anbya, 107

    This verse states that he was sent as a mercy to the worlds.

  • QuranSurah Al-Ahzab, 40

    This verse declares that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the last of the Prophets, Khatam an-Nabiyyin.

  • HadithSahih Bukhari, 3

    This hadith narrates in detail the coming of the first revelation in the cave of Hira and the command "Read!"

  • Classical sourceTDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, "Muhammed"

    Referenced for academic information about the life and mission of Prophet Muhammad.

Related Prophets

Other Prophets connected with this story.

Meaning as a personal name

Meaning of the name Məhəmməd

Frequently asked questions

Common questions about this Prophet.

  • Who was Prophet Muhammad?

    Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the messenger born in Makkah, sent as the last Prophet and a mercy to all the worlds. The Quran was revealed to him over about 23 years, and he is the last of the Prophets (Al-Ahzab, 40).

  • Where did Prophet Muhammad receive the first revelation?

    He received the first revelation in the cave of Hira near Makkah; the first command that came was "Read!" (Al-Alaq, 1-5).

  • Why did Prophet Muhammad migrate to Madinah?

    When the pressure against the Muslims in Makkah grew, he and the believers migrated to Madinah by Allah's permission; this became a turning point in Islamic history.

  • Is Prophet Muhammad the last Prophet?

    Yes. The Quran declares him Khatam an-Nabiyyin (the last of the Prophets); no new Prophet will come after him (Al-Ahzab, 40).